Nanofluid is a mixture of nanoparticles, each smaller than 100 nm in size, dispersed in a base fluid. The preparation process of nanofluid is crucial for determining its quality. Factors such as volume fraction, mixing ratio of nanoparticles during stirring, and stirring time are key considerations. Volume fraction levels used are 2%, 4%, and 6%, while nanoparticle mixing ratios are 70%-30%, 50…