This study developed an arrhythmia classification model based on electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using time-domain RR-interval feature extraction techniques and the implementation of Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLO) for feature selection. The datasets employed include the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database, MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation Database, Lobachevs…