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Learning and Behavior
The nervous system’s only contact with the stimuli of the external environment comes through a variety of specialized neurons called receptors. Instead of dendrites that are sensitive to the transmitters of other neurons, receptors have structures that are sensitive to specific types of external stimuli. Control systems theory provides a general frame-work for analyzing a wide of goal-directed sysems. Behaviors such as walking, talking, eating, drinking, working, and playing do not occur automatically in response to any particular stimulus. A reinforcement schedule is simply a rule that states under what conditions a reinforcer will be delivered. Motor skills are an essential ingredient for all types of learned behaviors, but people often take for granted their abilities to perform complex sequences of movement. A good general rule for learning motor skills is that more difficult practice sessions often produce better long-term performance. Imitation is an instinct. Imitation was an innate tendency stemmed in part from evidence that young infants may imitate the movements of an adult.
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