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DISTRIBUSI KEJADIAN ALERGI OBAT PADA PASIEN ANAK YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN

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Background: Drug allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction to medications involving immunological mechanisms that can cause clinical manifestations ranging from mild to severe, such as rash, urticaria, and anaphylaxis. Children are a vulnerable group due to their immature immune systems and limited alternative treatment options. This study aimed to determine the distribution of drug allergy incidents among hospitalized pediatric patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study using secondary data from medical records of pediatric patients aged 0-18 years who experienced suspected drug allergic reactions. Samples were collected using total sampling, resulting in 20 eligible patients. Data were analyzed univariately using IBM SPSS 26.0 and presented in frequency distribution and percentage tables. Results: Of the 20 patients meeting inclusion criteria, most were adolescents (9/20) and male (12/20), with the majority having normal nutritional status (10/20). The most frequent drug group causing allergic reactions was NSAIDs (6/20). The predominant clinical manifestations were skin reactions, mainly urticaria and maculopapular rash (16/20). Conclusion: The findings in this study indicate that drug allergy in the pediatric population was most frequently observed among adolescents and occurred more often in males. The drug classes most commonly associated with these reactions were NSAIDs and antibiotics, with cutaneous manifestations being the most frequently encountered clinical presentation. Summary: Drug allergy in children is most commonly triggered by widely used medications such as antibiotics, antipyretics, and NSAIDs, with the skin being the primary organ affected. These findings emphasize the importance of cautious drug administration in children and detailed documentation of allergy histories to prevent recurrent reactions. Keywords: Drug allergy, children, NSAIDs, antibiotics, skin reactions

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Series Title

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Call Number

T1876602025

Publisher

Palembang : Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya., 2025

Collation

xviii, 62 hlm.; ilus.; tab, 29 cm

Language

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Classification

616.970 7

Content Type

Text

Media Type

unmediated

Carrier Type

other (computer)

Edition

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Subject(s)

Prodi Pendidikan Dokter
Alergi Obat

Specific Detail Info

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Statement of Responsibility

SEW

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