Skripsi

KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI Pentalonia nigronervosa Coq. DAN GEJALA SERANGAN Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) PADA BERBAGAI GENOM PISANG DI SUMATERA SELATAN

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Bananas are plants that are highly nutritious and meet human nutritional needs. Bananas can be cultivated as a crop that contributes to food security. However, banana cultivation is challenging because there are many plant pests that attack banana plants. The insect Pentalonia nigronervosa is an insect that can cause banana plant disease. P. nigronervosa has piercing-sucking mouthparts that can transmit disease to banana plants. Therefore, this insect is known as a vector of viral disease in banana plants. The spread of this insect in transmitting disease to banana plants can be influenced by insect vectors, banana cultivars and the environment. P. nigronervosa can cause Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution pattern of banana dwarf disease caused by the BBTV virus in South Sumatra, to determine the biology and morphology of P. nigronervosa on banana cultivars, and to determine the effectiveness of P. nigronervosa in transmitting banana leaf dwarf disease (BBTV) to various banana cultivars and host ranges. The research method for stage I was purpose sampling with research locations in districts/cities in South Sumatra, namely Ogan Komering Ilir, Ogan Ilir, Ogan Komering Ulu Timur, Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, Ogan Komering Ulu, Prabumulih, Lahat, Muara Enim, Palembang, Banyuasin, Musi Banyuasin, Musi Rawas, Musi Rawas Utara, Pagaralam and Lubuk Linggau. Observations were made by observing banana cultivars infected with BBTV as the centre point, with all banana cultivars observed at imaginary points. The variables observed were sick and healthy banana cultivars and clumps and stems, and the population of the insect vector P. nigronervosa. The research method for stage II was to use a Complete Randomised Factorial Design (CRFD) consisting of two factors, namely the banana plant cultivar factor and the banana plant part factor. The banana plant cultivar factor consisted of 14 treatments, while the plant part factor consisted of 3 treatments, which were then repeated 5 times. The variables observed were the population of P. nigronervosa, instar period, shape, size, colour, antenna segments, life cycle, imago lifespan, reproduction period, fecundity and total lifespan. Data analysis can be presented in the form of descriptions, tables, images and graphs. The data were analysed using R-Studio and, if significantly different, further tested using the 5% BNJ test. The research method in stage III was to use a completely randomised design (CRD) with 14 treatments and 5 replicates. The variables observed were attack symptoms, incubation period, percentage and host range. The data obtained in stage I was analysed using indices and presented in the form of descriptions, images and tables. The data obtained in stage II was analysed using R-Studio and, if there were significant differences, further tested using the 5% BNJ test. The data obtained in stage III was presented in descriptive form, tables, figures and graphs using R-Studio, and if there were significant differences, they were further tested using BNJ 5%. Based on observations, BBTV disease is spread among banana cultivars in districts/cities in South Sumatra. The spread of insect vectors is also a problem in the transmission of BBTV disease among banana cultivars. Symptoms of banana cultivars infected with BBTV caused by P. nigronervosa include smaller leaves, brittle or easily broken leaf sheaths, overlapping leaves, resulting in short plants and no fruit, abnormal fruit and banana death. The highest number of clumps and stems of banana cultivars infected with BBTV were found in Ogan Ilir District. The highest percentage of banana cultivar clumps was found in OKU District, while the highest number of banana cultivar stems affected by BBTV was in Lahat District. The highest percentage of BBTV infection in Raja banana cultivar clumps was 100%, while the number of stems affected by BBTV in rattan banana cultivars was 56.25%. The insect vector that causes BBTV infection in banana cultivars is Pentalonia nigronervosa. The highest population was found in Capendis banana cultivars in the city of Palembang. Based on observations, the insect was found in three districts and cities, namely Ogan Ilir, OKU and Palembang. The diversity index in this study consisted of two categories, namely medium and low. The individual distribution index in the regency/city observations was high and moderate, while the dominance index had two categories: high and low. Based on the results of the study, the population of P. nigronervosa continued to increase from day 5 to day 15, showing a significant difference. The population of P. nigronervosa had the highest population, showing a significant difference. The nymphs of P. nigronervosa had 4 instars and underwent paurometabolic metamorphosis. P. nigronervosa had the same body colour and size in various banana cultivars. The antenna segments of P. nigronervosa differ in each instar. The life cycle, adult lifespan, reproductive period, fecundity, and total lifespan are not significantly different. The growth and development of P. nigronervosa can be influenced by host factors, temperature, and humidity. Based on the results of research on 14 banana cultivars tested, 13 cultivars showed symptoms. The symptoms of leaf dwarf disease caused by Pentalonia nigronervosa are dark green lines on the veins and midribs of banana leaves. The banana leaves undergo changes such as shrinking and dwarfing. The incubation period that occurs in banana cultivars varies from 20-43 days. The percentage of BBTV attacks on banana plants ranges from 0-100%. P. nigronervosa can live in various parts of the banana plant, and the population continues to increase with the availability of food.

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Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

T1915302025

Publisher

Indralaya : Prodi Studi Doktor Ilmu Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya., 2025

Collation

xviii, 151 hlm.; ilus.; 29 cm

Language

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Classification

634.772 07

Content Type

Text

Media Type

-

Carrier Type

-

Edition

-

Subject(s)

Prodi Studi Doktor Ilmu Pertanian
Pisang — Penyakit dan Hama

Specific Detail Info

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TUTI

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