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PENGARUH NAUNGAN DAN PENGGUNAAN CAHAYA ARTIFISIAL LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE) UNTUK BUDIDAYA SELADA DI KAWASAN PERKOTAAN

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The limited availability of land has encouraged the development of vegetable cultivation in urban areas as an important component of food security. Urban agriculture is commonly practiced in home yards by utilizing small spaces as production areas. One approach that can support this practice is indoor plant cultivation using artificial LED lighting. The aim of this research is to find strategies for developing adaptive, intensive and sustainable lettuce cultivation system in urban areas using artificial LED lighting. This research consisted of three systematically structured experimental stages. The first research began by evaluating the effects of 80% and 55% shading under sunlight, as well as 100% shading with LED lighting, on three lettuce varieties (Romaine lettuce, Grand Rapids lettuce, and Siomak lettuce). The second research research evaluated the cultivation of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under LED lighting with different light source distances (35 cm and 50 cm) and split fertilization applied two and three times. The third research evaluated the cultivation of Grand Rapids lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. New Grand Rapids) under LED lighting with different light source distances (30 cm and 40 cm) and the use of light reflectors. The microclimatic conditions at the research site are characterized by variable rainfall that is inversely related to the duration of sunshine, along with generally high relative humidity. The average air temperature remains relatively stable, indicating a humid microclimate with low thermal fluctuation. The results of the first research showed that the growth of Romaine, Grand Rapids, and Siomak lettuce was inhibited under shaded conditions due to low light intensity. The Grand Rapids lettuce variety exhibited a high adaptability under 80% shading intensity under direct sunlight and 100% shading intensity under LED lighting as reflected in enhanced leaf and canopy growth. The use of 100% shading intensity combined with LED lighting effectively regulated microclimatic conditions, such as temperature (27 %) dan humidity (80%) within the growing environment. The results of the second research showed that an indoor cultivation system using LED lighting with a photoperiod of 16 hours per day was effective in enhancing the growth of red lettuce in urban areas. A light source distance of 35 cm (SL-35) from the plants was the most effective in promoting growth and improving the morphological traits of red lettuce, particularly in the canopy and root systems. Furthermore, three split fertilizer applications (3×) represented a highly effective fertilization strategy for supporting red lettuce growth, as indicated by increased leaf, stem, and root development. The interaction between a 35 cm light source distance and three fertilization events (SL-35:3×) affected physiological characteristics of red lettuce, such as chlorophyll a (1.93 mg g-1), chlorophyll b (0.51 mg g-1) and anthocyanin (0.20 mg g-1) contents, which directly influenced leaf morphological appearance. In addition, the most accurate leaf area estimation was obtained using a zero-intercept linear regression model based on leaf length and width (L × W), y (leaf area) =0,4672 x (LxW) dan R2= 0.9851. The results of the third research showed that light intensity was a critical factor influencing the growth of Grand Rapids lettuce. Adjusting the LED light source distance to 30 cm (SL-30) was more effective in optimizing leaf growth, leaf area, morphological characteristics, and the production of chlorophyll a (2.37 mg g-1), anthocyanins (0.09 mg g-1) and carotenoids (0.46 mg g-1) in lettuce plants compared with a 40 cm distance (SL-40). The combination of light source distance adjustment and the use of aluminum foil reflectors had a significant effect on the growth of Grand Rapids lettuce.

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Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

T1920012025

Publisher

Indralaya : Prodi Studi Doktor Ilmu Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya., 2026

Collation

xv, 42 hlm.; ilus.; 29 cm

Language

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Classification

635.520 7

Content Type

Text

Media Type

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Carrier Type

-

Edition

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Subject(s)

Prodi Studi Doktor Ilmu Pertanian
Selada—Budidaya

Specific Detail Info

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Statement of Responsibility

TUTI

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