Skripsi
KETENTUAN MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS DALAM KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN DASAR LAUT BERDASARKAN BIODIVERSITY BEYOND NATIONAL JURISDICTION (BBNJ) AGREEMENT
Seabed-mining activities in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) have the potential to have a significant impact on marine ecosystems, so the provisions of Marine Environmental Impact Assessments (MEIAs) are needed comprehensively as a form of implementing the precautionary principle in international law. Prior to the approval of the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement, MEIA's regulation of seabed mining in ABNJ was still fragmented, sectoral, and had not yet regulated adequate MEIA provisions. This study analyzes legal issues in the implementation of MEIA before and after the BBNJ Agreement is agreed, as well as formulating solutions to the implementation challenges. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, conceptual and analytical approach to related international legal instruments. The results of the study show that although the BBNJ Agreement presents a more comprehensive and coordinated MEIA framework, its implementation still faces obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to harmonize MEIA regulations and strengthen integration between ISA, BBNJ Agreement and International Framework Bodies (IFBs) to ensure the protection of the marine environment in ABNJ in a sustainable manner. Keywords: Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (MEIA), BBNJ Agreement, Seabed Mining, Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ), Marine Environmental Law
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