Skripsi

EFEK TOPIKAL GEL EKSTRAK BINAHONG Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis TERHADAP EKSPRESI GM-CSF DAN HEALS-A SCORE PADA PENYEMBUHAN LUKA TIKUS MODEL DIABETES MELLITUS

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Background: Diabetic wounds are characterized by persistent inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, and delayed epithelialization. Anredera cordifolia (binahong) contains flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids with antioxidant and antibacterial activities. However, the molecular mechanisms of binahong in modulating GM-CSF expression and histological improvement based on the HEALS-A score have not yet been reported. Objective: To identify the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of binahong extract and to evaluate the effects of topical binahong gel on GM-CSF expression and histological wound healing (HEALS-A score) in a diabetic rat model. Methods: This study comprised in vitro antioxidant activity assays using the DPPH method and antibacterial testing using the Kirby–Bauer method. In vivo experiments were conducted on 120 streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats (50 mg/kg body weight), which were divided into five treatment groups: Na-CMC gel, 0.9% NaCl, and binahong extract gel at concentrations of 20%, 30%, and 40%. GM-CSF expression was assessed on days 0 and 3 (inflammatory phase), while histological evaluation using the HEALS-A score was performed during the proliferative and remodeling phases. Statistical analyses included paired tests, ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Binahong extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 24.99 ppm and strong antibacterial inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. GC–MSD analysis identified several bioactive compounds, while LC–MS analysis revealed flavonoid glycosides, including kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, apiin, vitexin, and maysin. In vivo, topical application of binahong extract gel significantly increased GM-CSF expression on day 3 of the inflammatory phase (p < 0.001) and significantly improved HEALS-A scores during the proliferative phase (day 14) and remodeling phase (day 21) (p < 0.001), after adjustment for blood glucose levels. Significant improvements were also observed in HEALS-A parameters, including epithelialization, neutrophil infiltration, hair follicles, and gland formation during the proliferative phase, as well as macrophage infiltration and collagen density during the remodeling phase. Conclusion: Binahong extract shows strong potential as a natural-based therapeutic agent for diabetic wound healing, characterized by early enhancement of GM-CSF expression and significant improvement in histological wound healing parameters Keywords: Anredera cordifolia; diabetic wound; GM-CSF; HEALS-A; antibacterial; antioxidant

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Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

T1950462026

Publisher

Indralaya : Prodi Sains Biomedis Program Doktor, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya., 2026

Collation

xvi, 171 hlm.; ilus.; 29 cm

Language

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Classification

615.321 07

Content Type

Text

Media Type

unmediated

Carrier Type

-

Edition

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Subject(s)

Prodi Sains Biomedis Program Doktor
Tanaman Binahong

Specific Detail Info

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Statement of Responsibility

KA

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