Skripsi
TANGGUNG JAWAB TERHADAP PEMBATALAN HAK TANGGUNGAN SEBAGAI AKIBAT PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA DAN PENYALAHGUNAAN KEWENANGAN PEJABAT PEMBUAT AKTA TANAH (ANALISIS PUTUSAN NOMOR 476/PDT.G/2023/PN CBI)
This study examines the liability of a Land Deed Official (PPAT) for the annulment of a Mortgage Right (Hak Tanggungan) resulting from the exercise of authority beyond the official’s territorial jurisdiction. The background of this research is based on the practice of executing a Deed of Granting of Mortgage (APHT) that does not comply with the territorial limits of the PPAT’s authority, as reflected in Decision Number 476/Pdt.G/2023/PN.CBI. The research addresses three main issues: the procedure for the establishment of a Mortgage Right, the judge’s legal considerations in annulling the Mortgage due to the PPAT’s abuse of authority in the aforementioned decision, and the forms of liability borne by a PPAT who exercises authority outside his or her jurisdiction. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, which are analyzed qualitatively using deductive reasoning. The findings reveal that the procedure for executing an APHT constitutes a series of formal and constitutive legal actions, beginning with a principal agreement as the underlying obligation, followed by the execution of an authentic deed by a competent PPAT, and concluded with registration at the Land Office as the constitutive requirement for the lawful establishment of the Mortgage Right, including the possible use of a Power of Attorney to Grant Mortgage (SKMHT) under statutory limitations. In Decision Number 476/Pdt.G/2023/PN.CBI, the court considered that the PPAT’s excess of authority in executing an APHT over land located outside his or her territorial jurisdiction constituted a defect of authority resulting in the annulment of the Mortgage Right. The PPAT’s liability in such circumstances may arise administratively, civilly, and criminally, provided that elements of fault or abuse of authority are established. This study recommends strengthening supervision and guidance of PPATs, as well as enhancing compliance with territorial limitations of office to ensure legal certainty within the mortgage security system.
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