Skripsi
PENGARUH EMISI KARBON (CO2) DAN NILAI TAMBAH SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KAWASAN ASEAN
Food security is one of the strategic indicators in achieving SDG 2 (Zero Hunger). In the ASEAN region, carbon dioxide emissions and agricultural sector dynamics potentially influence food security simultaneously, yet their combined effects remain empirically underexplored. Therefore, this study analyzes the effect of CO₂ Emissions and Agriculture Value Added on the Global Food Security Index across seven ASEAN countries over the period 2012–2022 using panel data regression. The study finds that CO₂ Emissions have a positive and significant effect on the GFSI, indicating that in the early phase of the Environmental Kuznets Curve, rising economic activity moves in tandem with food system financing capacity. Agriculture Value Added has a negative and significant effect on the GFSI, as increases in agricultural value added that are not oriented toward staple food production and equitable distribution weaken food accessibility and sustainability. Therefore, agricultural transformation in ASEAN should be directed toward input modernization, strengthening domestic staple food production, and improving inter-regional food distribution systems.