This study aims to analyze the dynamics and implementation of defense cooperation between Malaysia and Indonesia (Malindo), facilitated by the Ministry of Defense in 2022. This significant collaboration reflects the reciprocal defense relations between the two nations, which share a long history of diplomatic tics. The cooperation focuses on four key areas: joint military exercises, border secu…
Following the termination of Indonesia’s joint labor placement cooperation with Malaysia in 2016, the Government of Indonesia established the One Channel System (OCS) as the sole legal placement mechanism for informal-sector migrant workers. This study examines the inhibiting factors affecting OCS implementation and its relationship with the rising number of Problematic Indonesian Migrant Wor…
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Includes bibliographical references.