Background: Gout is a chronic condition caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals due to hyperuricemia, often associated with a diet high in purines, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. Allopurinol is the first-line drug used to lower serum uric acid levels in gout patients. Ensuring the correct dosage of allopurinol is essential to enhance therapeutic effectiveness and …
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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative bacterium that acts as an opportunistic pathogen and is frequently associated with pneumonia and bacteremia. One of the bio-pharmaceutical plants with potential activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection is karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk.), which is widely found in Southeast Asia. The use of karamunting leaf extract …
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan kekayaan hayati terbesar di dunia yang memiliki lebih dari 30.000spesies tanaman tingkat tinggi. Hingga saat ini tercatat 7000 spesies tanaman telah diketahui khasiatnya namun kurang dari 300 tanaman telah diketahui bahan baku farmasi secara regular. Namun, isu besar yang menjadi pemikiran pemerintah Indonesia saat ini adalah bagaimana menjamin obat …
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that causes skin diseases, pneumonia, respiratory tract infections, nosocomial bacteremia and is resistant to antibiotics. The incidence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is increasing. Binahong is a herbal plant that has many benefits, one of which is as an antibacterial. Methods: This study used an experimental design.…
Background: Post-cesarean section pain is a clinical challenge commonly encountered in medical practice. Despite various approaches to postoperative pain management, achieving optimal pain control remains challenging. One therapy being explored is intraperitoneal lidocaine administration. Lidocaine is known to have potential analgesic effects and may give the operator a benefit in reducing post…
Gastritis is a disease caused by inflammation of the gastric mucosa characterized by pain, swelling, and irritation of the gastric mucous membrane. One of the Pharmacological therapy for managing gastritis involves H2 receptor antagonists, Ranitidine. For treating gastritis, a 150-300mg dose is administered once or twice a day. Rational drug use involves administering medication according to th…
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly exposed bacteria and causes infection in humans. Efforts that can be made in medicine are using antibiotics. The use of antibiotics has recently been irrational and has led to antibiotic resistance. Efforts that can be made to prevent resistance are using alternative medicine. Alternative medicine that can be used is plants. Avocado leaves are h…
Background. Shigellosis is a clinical condition caused by invasion of Shigella species in the epithelium lining the terminal ileum, colon and rectum. Efforts that can be made to treat shigellosis are using fluoroquinolone antibiotics. However, cases of resistance of patients infected by Shigella to fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been reported to have increased in the Southeast Asian. This stu…
Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic disease that is an autosomal recessive, characterized by a disorder in hemoglobin synthesis. The management of thalassemia, particularly major thalassemia, includes regular blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy to control iron accumulation. The iron level in the body can be determined through a common examination, which is the serum ferr…
Clindamycin HCl as a topical anti-acne drug has low bioavailability due to its hydrophilic nature which is difficult to penetrate the stratum corneum. Propionibacterium acnes, the main pathogen of acne, lives in the sebaceous glands in the dermis, so it requires deeper penetration. Transethosomes can increase penetration because they are classified as lipid nanovesicles with good elasticity and…
Dyspepsia is a condition of discomfort that persists (episodic) or experiences recurrence of pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, bloating, fullness, fullness of the stomach, and pain in the epigastrium. with an incidence proportion of 35.5% in Palembang City in 2015. Rational use of dyspepsia medication is very important to ensure that the medication given is appropriate, safe, and eff…
Background: Hyperuricemia is describes a condition where serum uric acid levels increase above normal values. Hyperuricemia occurs due to increased production and excretion of uric acid in the kidneys. The first line of treatment for reducing uric acid levels is xanthine oxidase inhibitors, allupurinol and febuxostat. However, many people use traditional medicine derived from natural plants. On…
Background: Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is some type of potatoes that commonly used as an alternative for rice. Eventhough purple sweet potato was known to had phytopharmacal potentials, there is still few scientific literatures about the using of purple sweet potato as a therapeutic choice for renal fibrosis. This study is aimed to measure the efficacy of purple sweet potato extra…
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and is the causative agent of many human infections including bacteremia and sepsis. The use of antibiotics is a way of management, but excessive use can increase resistance. This study aims to see the effectiveness of antibacterial growth of ethanol extract of Carica papaya L. flowers on the inhibition of S.aureus A…
This research constitutes an experimental analytic study conducted in vivo, employing two parameters. The investigation of total cholesterol levels was conducted using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Conversely, the study of hepatic histology utilized a post-test with a control group design. Thirty male mice were allocated into five groups: a negative control, an obesity c…
Background: Indonesia's biodiversity is one of the features of our country. There are many plants with various potentials and benefits, including for health. One plant that can be used as an alternative treatment is the cherry plant. The benefits of the cherry plant are due to the secondary metabolite compounds it contains which can inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme. Mistletoe can have the same c…
Background: Gout arthritis is an inflammatory disease of the joints caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joint area, especially the extremities. In pharmacological therapy, allopurinol is the first-line choice in the management of gout, especially asymptomatic, intercritical, and chronic hyperuricemia phases. In Indonesia, especially now there is no data discussed gout a…
Background: Over-the-counter drug (OTC) is a medicine that can be purchased freely without a doctor's prescription. Students tend to need medicine that can be accessed quickly and efficiently. Thus, the majority of population who do self-medication is mostly students. Unfortunately, there are still many people who do self-medication without being given sufficient education, so knowledge, attitu…
Background. Kersen leaf extract has the effect of inhibiting the xanthine oxidase enzyme and cherry mistletoe leaves also have the same properties considering that they are hemiparasites with their host. This study aims to determine the effect of n-hexane extract from mistletoe cherry leaves on the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Method. This research is an in vitro experimental research. The samples …
Background: Esophageal varices is the most life-threatening complication of portal hypertension in hepatic cirrhosis patients. Around 80% of cirrhosis patients will eventually experience this complication. Non-invasive parameters are needed for early detection of the degree of esophageal varices so that patients with severe varices can be immediately referred for endoscopic examination. In addi…
Introduction: Obesity is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fat within the body, resulting from an imbalance between the energy intake and expenditure. Obesity elevates the risk of various chronic diseases, necessitating efforts to prevent and treat this condition. Previous research has revealed that Moringa oleifera leaf extract contains polyphenolic compounds with advantageous prop…
KIN THAT IS EXPOSED TO EXCESSIVE SUN EXPOSURE CAN RESULT IN SEVERAL LOSSES THAT CAN DAMAGE THE SKIN INCLUDING PREMATURE AGING, SKIN DAMAGE BY ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION, AND SUNBURN OR BURNING REACTIONS. SUNSCREEN IS NEEDED TO PROTECT THE SKIN FROM DAMAGE CAUSED BY UV RAYS. ZINC OXIDE IS A PHYSICAL SUNSCREEN AGENT THAT IS OFTEN USED AS AN ACTIVE INGREDIENT IN SUNSCREEN PREPARATIONS. AVOCADO LEAVES H…
Daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa aktif seperti andrografolida (diterpenlactone), flavonoid, asam quinic, steroid, saponin, alkaloid dan tanin yang memiliki potensi sebagai antiinflamasi, antioksidan, antibakteri, dan mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi Gelling Agent pada sediaan gel ekstrak sa…
Daun sukun (artocarpus altilis) dilaporkan memiliki kandungan flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi yang berpotensi memperbaiki fungsi ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi dosis terhadap efek nefroprotektif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi volume urin, pH urin, kreatinin serum, ureum serum, protein urin, klirens kreatinin, serta dilakukan …
Kenikir leaves has pharmacological activity as an antidiabetic because it contains flavonoid compounds in the form of quersetin which can become the α-glukosidase enzyme inhibitor so that excess blood glucose level can be lowered. The effectiveness and bioavailability of extracts tend to be low so that the formula in the form of nanosuspension is an option for improving the delivery system whi…