In cases of persistent endodontic infection, 20 out of 30 cases were found with Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. This bacteria is also the main pathogen that is still often found in cases after endodontic treatment with a case prevalence of 30% to 90% so it must be removed with antibacterial irrigation solutions. However, root canal irrigation solutions are generally chemical-based and have side…
Background : Pulp necrosis in immature permanent teeth results in incomplete rooth development with short root and thin dentinal walls that can lead into fracture. Apexification as the main treatment would not increase the length and thickness of the root canal wall which made the teeth susceptible to fracture. Regenerative endodontic treatment used tissue engineering triad which being being de…