Background: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Long-term L-Dopa therapy is associated with the development of motor complications that reduce patients' quality of life. Safinamide is a selective reversible MAO-B inhibitor with an additional mechanism of glutamate release modulation, d…
Food contamination by vectors is a health concern because it can transmit disease. Flies, as mechanical vectors, can contaminate food with pathogenic microorganisms after landing in dirty areas. Their density is influenced by environmental factors such as cleanliness, waste, temperature, humidity, and poor sanitation, increasing the risk of disease transmission. This study aims to determine the…
Solid waste management in Palembang City, particularly at the Sukawinatan landfill which still applies an open dumping system, poses a potential risk of cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil, leachate, and air. Cadmium is toxic, bioaccumulative, and associated with kidney dysfunction, especially among vulnerable groups such as waste pickers who are exposed without adequate protective equipment. Th…
Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Indonesia, following breast cancer. Globally, cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer among women. Several factors influence the rate of early detection screening for cervical cancer, including spousal support, healthcare provider support. This study aims to evaluate the influence of husband’s s…
Contact dermatitis is a prevalent occupational disease (OD) within the informal sector. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of contact dermatitis among motorcycle workshop workers in Kemuning District, Palembang City. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was employed. The study population included all workers across 48 workshop units in the des…
The area surrounding elementary schools is a high-activity zone with food vendors, making it a potential breeding ground for flies. Flies are mechanical vectors that can transmit various diseases through food. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical environmental conditions and fly control measures at food stalls near elementary schools in Palembang City. This study emplo…
A sedentary lifestyle is commonly found among office workers, including those at the Ilir Barat II Subdistrict Office and Junior High School Number 43 Palembang. This pattern is characterized by long periods of sitting and low levels of physical activity, which contribute to an increased risk of non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to gain an in-depth u…
Basal stem rot is a significant disease affecting oil palm in Indonesia, with occurrences reported in the Sumatra and Kalimantan regions. Understanding the pathogenic characteristics of fungal pathogens is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective disease management. This study aimed to characterize the pathogenicity of three Ganoderma isolates and to identify them using molecular methods.…
Measles remains a public health challenge worldwide, including in Indonesia. Although the measles elimination target has been set, cases are still being detected and the target has not been fully achieved. The fluctuating number of cases in South Sumatra Province indicates that the risk of transmission remains in the community, making it important to evaluate factors and implement more targeted…
Curly red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia, yet its production is often constrained by various diseases, particularly wilt and leaf spot. Wilt disease, caused by Fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp., disrupts the root system and vascular tissues, while leaf spot caused by Cercospora capsici damages leaf surfaces and reduces photosynthetic capacity. Al…
Introduction Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by structural and functional impairment of the kidneys, with fibrosis as a key mechanism that worsens the disease through excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. Oxidative stress plays a central role in this process, indicated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels,…
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Background: Acrochordon is a benign fibroepithelial skin tumor commonly found in intertriginous areas and thought to be associated with insulin resistance (IR). Hyperinsulinemia resulting from IR contributes to fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation through activation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a …
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and profibrotic signaling, with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) as a key mediator. This trial assessed whether adjunct resveratrol improves serum TGF-β, albuminuria, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in adults with DKD. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (October 2025â…
ABSTRACT Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis is a degenerative condition characterized by narrowing of the spinal canal, leading to pain and neurological deficits. Inflammatory processes are thought to play a key role in its pathogenesis, with increased levels of inflammatory mediators such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). However, the correlation between these biomarker…
The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease continues to increase and has become one of the major neurodegenerative disorders characterized by a decline in cognitive function, memory, and behavioral changes in the elderly population. Current Alzheimer’s therapy generally relies on synthetic drugs that may cause adverse effects; therefore, safer alternative therapies based on natural products are n…
Automatic classification of eye diseases (cataract, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy) is often constrained by low contrast and illumination bias in retinal fundus images. This research aims to analyze the effect of the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) method on color space variations to improve the accuracy of the EfficientNet-B0 deep learning architecture. The evaluat…
The severity of pertussis in South Sumatra Province, characterized by the appearance of apnea symptoms, is also a cause of death in patients with a CFR > 6%. This study aims to analyze the determinants of disease severity in pertussis patients in South Sumatra Province using secondary data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Office from 2022-2024 with a cross-sectional study design. The st…
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among women, making early detection of precancerous lesions essential. However, lesion segmentation in cervical images still faces several challenges, including unclear object boundaries, illumination variations, imaging artifacts, and class imbalance between lesion and background, which reduce the performance of deep learn…
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among women. The subjectivity of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) screening encourages the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for medical image segmentation automation. However, limited datasets frequently cause model overfitting. This research aims to improve the segmentation performance of cervical precancerous images on the YOLOv11-seg mod…
Visual diagnosis via colposcopy is prone to observer subjectivity, making a more objective computational system necessary. This study explores two approaches: hybrid feature engineering (color, texture, contour) using machine learning (ML) via a rule-based system that adapts the Sweden score method, and end-to-end architectures based on YOLO (v8, v11, v12, v26). The dataset is sourced from the …
This study aims to classify normal and abnormal puncta lacrimal images using deep learning methods and to analyze the impact of data augmentation strategies on model performance. The dataset consisted of 61 images, including 30 normal and 31 abnormal images, which underwent a preprocessing stage by resizing all images to 256 × 256 pixels. Nine deep learning architectures were evaluated, includ…
Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, predominantly presenting with sensory symptoms such as numbness and tingling. Conservative therapy with oral mecobalamin is widely used; however, the onset of improvement is often slow. Perineural injection of mecobalamin may provide a faster local effect, but clinical evidence remains limited. This study aimed t…
Fetal heart chamber segmentation in fetal echocardiography (FE) is a big challenge in early diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) due to low image contrast and morphological complexity. This study proposes the development of a vision transformer-based model through two main approaches: optimization of the YOLOv8-seg architecture and integration of the Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) hybri…
Paddy (Oryza sativa) is a perennial crop grown throughout the world. Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop consumed daily by the entire population, making it a crucial necessity. The paddy harvest significantly impacts the availability of rice, a staple food. While paddy yields can sometimes increase, they can also decrease. The decline in paddy production is caused by various factors, …
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a chronic condition that requires long-term therapy, in which treatment adherence plays a crucial role in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Low adherence among CHD patients is often associated with low self-efficacy, which may be influenced by inadequate health education. This study aimed to analyze the effect of leaflet-based education on therapy adherence…
Anthracnose disease is a major problem in chili plants, caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum capsici. Disease infection can result in losses of 5–65%, and symptoms are characterized by the appearance of small dark brown to black spots on the fruit surface. Farmers commonly use chemical control methods; however, excessive reliance on chemical pesticides poses risks of environmental contaminat…
An important disease in rubber plants is leaf fall caused by Pestalotiopsis sp., characterized by small spots that expand into necrotic areas, leading to continuous leaf drop and canopy thinning. Environmentally friendly control can be achieved by utilizing antagonistic endophytic biological agents. Endophytic fungi are capable of producing bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites that pla…
Latar Belakang: Vitamin D berperan penting sebagai pelindung dalam patogenesis sepsis dengan cara meredam inflamasi neutrofil dan menjaga fungsi limfosit. Rendahnya kadar vitamin D berkontribusi langsung pada buruknya profil hematologi (seperti tingginya RNL) dan peningkatan risiko gagal organ pada pasien sepsis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin D dengan r…