Introduction: Patients who have undergone a craniotomy will experience a loss of consciousness, necessitating the use of a ventilator and an endotracheal tube (ETT) for breathing assistance. Patients also lack an effective cough reflex, leading to a buildup of secretions and inefficient airway clearing. Airway blockage and respiratory collapse may happen if the secret is not revealed. The use o…
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus will continue to increase every year. This disease is difficult to control, and if not handled properly, it will cause acute and chronic complications in the body. If there is an increase in complications and worsening glycemic control, it will affect the quality of life of people with diabetes mellitus. Strategies that can be applied in overcoming the declin…