Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) are proven to contain secondary metabolites, one of which is flavonoids in the form of quercetin which has the ability as an anticancer. This study aims to determine the optimum formula of nanoparticles from a variety of alginate chitosan coatings at concentrations of 0.3% and 0.6% conjugated with folic acid. Moringa leaf extract was obtained through maceratio…
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) contains andrografolid, a compound that has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities to accelerate burn wound healing. This study evaluated the preparation of submicro emulsion of bitter melon leaf extract with Tween 20 and PEG-400 at a concentration of 10% and tested the burn wound healing activity in Wistar rats. This study was divid…
Kenikir leaves (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) contain flavonoid group compound quercetin which has potential as anti-cancer. The extract of kenikir leaves has low solubility and bioavailability so that a modification of the drug delivery system is needed in the form of folic acid-conjugated chitosan-alginate polymer-based nanoparticles. Folic acid-conjugated chitosan carries the drug to folate recept…
Gnetum gnemon leaves contained flavonoids that had the potential to dissolve kidney stones by increasing urinary citrate excretion and diuresis. The low bioavailability of fractions required nanoparticle dosage forms as an option to increase the effectiveness of the delivery system. This study aimed to determine the percentage of nanosuspension entrapment efficiency used for in vivo tests and t…
Inflammation is the body's protective mechanism against tissue damage caused by physical trauma, chemical irritation, or microbial infection. However, the use of synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs, such as NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs), often leads to side effects, including gastrointestinal irritation and impaired kidney function. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is an herba…
The human body that is exposed to excess free radicals in a prolonged period can cause oxidative stress and various diseases so antioxidant compounds are needed to counteract free radicals. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the strongest antioxidant activity of ciplukan leaves, guava leaves, katuk leaves and cat whisker leaves that have been used empirically by the people of …
Gamal leaves (Gliricidia sepium) have pharmacological activity as anthelmitic, hepatoprotector and antibacterial. The content of secondary metabolites in the ethyl acetate fraction of gamal leaves are flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acute toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction of gamal leaves with testing parameters of biochemical leve…
Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) were a common health problem in Indonesia. The kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contained flavonoid compounds that acted as diuretics. The use of nanosuspension preparations was chosen to enhance the effectiveness and bioavailability of the fraction in delivering the active substance to the target. The aim of this study was to determine the %EE and characteriz…
Daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) diketahui memiliki efek farmakologi sebagai antinefrolitiasis karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang dapat berikatan dengan kalsium pada batu ginjal dan meningkatkan ekskresi urin. Senyawa bahan alam mempunyai kelarutan dan bioavailabilitas yang rendah dalam air sehingga dapat diatasi dengan inovasi sediaan berupa nanosuspensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untu…
Hyperlipidemia is characterized by increased normal levels of plasma lipids such as cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and sometimes plasma lipoproteins, including very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), along with decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL). This study used an in silico approach to predict the molecular potential of be…
Long-term exposure to excess free radicals in the body can cause oxidative stress and various diseases, so antioxidant compounds are needed to neutralize free radicals. This research was conducted to determine the strongest antioxidant activity of avocado leaves, water guava leaves and cherry leaves which have been used empirically by the Ogan Ilir community. The extract with the strongest anti…
The utilization of sweet orange peel is still minimal as it is often overlooked after fruit processing for consumption, despite being rich in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, especially for topical preparations. Previous research has mainly focused on conventional formulations with limitations in skin penetration. The Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) delivery system can enhance perc…
Excessive free radicals in the body can cause oxidative stress conditions which result in tissue damage. This condition can be prevented by consuming antioxidants. Cherry leaves (Muntigia calabura L.) often used as a medicinal plant and are believed to have antioxidant properties. Based on previous research, methanol extract of cherry leaves has strong antioxidant activity, while the ethyl acet…
Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) have been proven to have antioxidant properties, both in the form of crude extracts and fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction of kersen leaves separated by vacuum liquid column chromatography has strong antioxidant activity (IC50 43,40 µg/mL). This research is a continuation of the previous research by further separating the fraction of vacuum liquid colum…
Plants that contain high levels of flavonoid and phenol compounds have the potential to act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatories. One of them is the breadfruit plant (Artocarpus altilis). This study aims to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of breadfruit leaf fractions. The research began with extraction by maceration using solvents with varying polarities (n-hexane, e…
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that causes skin diseases, pneumonia, respiratory tract infections, nosocomial bacteremia and is resistant to antibiotics. The incidence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is increasing. Binahong is a herbal plant that has many benefits, one of which is as an antibacterial. Methods: This study used an experimental design.…
Background: Post-cesarean section pain is a clinical challenge commonly encountered in medical practice. Despite various approaches to postoperative pain management, achieving optimal pain control remains challenging. One therapy being explored is intraperitoneal lidocaine administration. Lidocaine is known to have potential analgesic effects and may give the operator a benefit in reducing post…
Separation of metabolite compounds from the n-hexane fraction of the wood of the M. alba L. plant has not been widely carried out. TLC analysis showed that M. alba L. has many metabolite compounds. This research was aimed to determine metabolite compounds from the n-hexane fraction of the wood of the M. alba L. plant using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The extraction …
Morus alba L. is a plant from Moraceae family which is found in tropical and subtropical areas. M. alba plant was reported to have displayed several bioactivities such as antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory. M. alba plant has a diversity of secondary metabolites. This research was aimed to isolate and identify secondary metabolite compounds fro…
Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) is one of woody plants which is usually found in the Southern part of Sumatra which is often used as an herbal plant by people for flu and fever. This research was aimed to know immunomodulator potency of Sungkai in mice (Mus muculus) and effect extract to proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and leukocytes. Yeast proliferation is associated with in…
Gastritis is a disease caused by inflammation of the gastric mucosa characterized by pain, swelling, and irritation of the gastric mucous membrane. One of the Pharmacological therapy for managing gastritis involves H2 receptor antagonists, Ranitidine. For treating gastritis, a 150-300mg dose is administered once or twice a day. Rational drug use involves administering medication according to th…
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly exposed bacteria and causes infection in humans. Efforts that can be made in medicine are using antibiotics. The use of antibiotics has recently been irrational and has led to antibiotic resistance. Efforts that can be made to prevent resistance are using alternative medicine. Alternative medicine that can be used is plants. Avocado leaves are h…
Background. Shigellosis is a clinical condition caused by invasion of Shigella species in the epithelium lining the terminal ileum, colon and rectum. Efforts that can be made to treat shigellosis are using fluoroquinolone antibiotics. However, cases of resistance of patients infected by Shigella to fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been reported to have increased in the Southeast Asian. This stu…
Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic disease that is an autosomal recessive, characterized by a disorder in hemoglobin synthesis. The management of thalassemia, particularly major thalassemia, includes regular blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy to control iron accumulation. The iron level in the body can be determined through a common examination, which is the serum ferr…
Bitter leaf extract (Andrographis paniculate (Burm.f) Wall. Ex Ness) contains secondary metabolites andrographolide and quercetin which have potential antibacterial activity. This research aims to determine the nanoemulsion formulation with a combination of Tween 80 and Ethanol 96% concentration on the activity of Propionibacterium acnes and the stability of ICH Q1A (R2). Data analysis in this …
Sambiloto leaves (Andrographis paniculate (Burm. F) Wall ex. Ness) contain andrografolid and flavonoids as the main compounds that have potential as antibacterial. Nanoemulsion with a combination of tween 20 and PEG-400 was carried out to produce preparations that have better antibacterial effects and are thermodynamically stable. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics and st…