Background: Over-the-counter drug (OTC) is a medicine that can be purchased freely without a doctor's prescription. Students tend to need medicine that can be accessed quickly and efficiently. Thus, the majority of population who do self-medication is mostly students. Unfortunately, there are still many people who do self-medication without being given sufficient education, so knowledge, attitu…
Background: Physiology is often perceived as a complex and challenging subject to grasp because it requires the integration of knowledge from physics, biochemistry, and molecular biology. The methods of learning play a crucial role in learning outcomes and one of learning method that can be employed is the mnemonic method. Mnemonics is a technique that aids in enhancing memory performance, util…
Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the main cause of death globally and ranks third as the most common incidence in Indonesian women. Neutrophil cell infiltration in cancer tissue as one of the immune cells that has an important role in the formation of the body's response against cancer but associated with poor prognosis. Neutrophil density is related to the clinicohistopathologic characteristics…
Pediculus capitis is an infectious disease of the hair and scalp due to infestation of Pediculus humanus capitis. Pediculosis capitis can spread widely, especially in crowded residential areas such as dormitories. This study aims to determine the association between hair characteristics and personal hygiene with the incidence of pediculosis capitis at Al-Ittifaqiah Islamic Boarding School Indra…
Background: Defecation by definition is the phase in which feces are expelled from the rectum. Defecation pattern is one of the indicators for health especially in infants and children by assessing stool consistency, frequency of defecation, and stool color. Changes in normal defecation pattern lead to constipation and diarrhea. The prevalence of adolescents with constipation is 53.1% in Indone…
Background: Colitis is an inflammatory condition that occurs in the mucosa or submucosa of the colon and can be acute or chronic. The initial survey results of the study found many patients suffering from colitis such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's Disease, and radiation colitis at the Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang Hospital, so this study helps to summarize colitis d…
Introduction: Health services are a very important thing in every citizen’s life. Health services aim to meet the community needs in getting access to good services in health facilities. In providing health services, hospitals serve all types of patients, one of which is BPJS patients. Based on the results of BPJS Health survey 2021, patient satisfaction with BPJS participants at Follow-up Re…
Background: Neonatal sepsis is an invasive bloodstream infection characterized by the presence of bacteria in body fluids such as blood, bone marrow and urine. Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is defined as an infection found in a baby after 72 hours or 3 days from birth in preterm babies and after 7 days of age in term babies. Method: This study used a descriptive observational method with pr…
Nutritional status is a crucial factor for stroke patients. A stroke is defined as a sudden neurological disorder caused by impaired blood perfusion to the brain vessels. Malnutrition commonly occurs in stroke patients, with prevalence ranging from 6.1% to 62%. The decline in nutritional status among stroke patients has negative impacts on the rehabilitation process, complications, and function…
Background: One of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide is ischemic stroke. The death and damage of brain cells caused by ischemic stroke can disrupt various body functions, which have an impact on the disability and quality of life of patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between the degree of disability of post ischemic stroke patients and their quality o…
Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KNF) is a malignant tumor of the epithelium that affects the part of the throat connecting the back of the nose to the back of the mouth (pharynx). Chemotherapy is a common therapy option for people with advanced KNF. It is known that side effects that can arise in patients undergoing chemotherapy are nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, anemia, and renal …
Background: Thalassemia is a genetic condition caused by mutations in the globin gene, leading to a decrease or absence of alpha globin chains in alpha thalassemia or beta globin chains in beta thalassemia. This results in suboptimal formation of red blood cells, leading to anemia in patients, necessitating blood transfusions. Regular blood transfusions result in an excess of iron in the body. …
Background. Allergic contact dermatitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the skin caused by a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Therapy that can be given to allergic contact dermatitis patients is by using medical therapy in the form of systemic treatment such as antihistamines, one of which is cetirizine. This study aims to determine the pattern of cetirizine use including freque…
Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a histopathological diagnosis of the prostate, indicating an increase in the number of non-cancerous stromal cells and epithelial cells in the prostate gland. Assessing Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in BPH patients using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) can provide a deep insight into the severity of symptoms and their impa…
Background: Recovering from anesthesia is defined as a condition where neuromuscular conduction, protective reflexes, airway and consciousness of the body have returned after stopping the administration of anesthetic drugs. Anesthesia doctors and nurses need to understand and be alert of the recovery time in post-anesthesia patients. Through previous research, it is known that recovery time pos…
Background: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia is 189 per 100,000 live births. One of the causes of MMR is high blood pressure during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is defined as an increase in blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg occurring at a gestational age of more than 20 weeks accompanied by multisystem disorders with signs of proteinuria or symptoms of other multisystem disorders. Preeclam…
Background : Ojek is a means of transportation that uses a motorcycle to transport passengers. Ojek transportation seeks customers by creating offline ojek bases. Over time, application-based online transportation has become a new service that makes it easier for people to travel. Fatigue is a condition accompanied by a decrease in efficiency and resilience at work. The purpose of this study is…
Latar Belakang. Kanker telah menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Berdasarkan data Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020, kanker payudara menempati urutan pertama dengan mortalitas yang tinggi di seluruh dunia, terutama di Indonesia. Seiring bertambahnya usia risiko kanker payudara akan meningkat, meskipun penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat harapan hidup relatif lebih rendah pada wanita usia
Background. Cerumen impaction is an accumulation of cerumen that causes symptoms, obstructing necessary assessment of the ear canal, tympanic membrane, audio-vestibular system or both. Cerumen impaction can block the external auditory canal or can press on the tympanic membrane. If someone picks their ears too often it can cause the cerumen to become hard or dense. This often results in tempora…
Background. Kersen leaf extract has the effect of inhibiting the xanthine oxidase enzyme and cherry mistletoe leaves also have the same properties considering that they are hemiparasites with their host. This study aims to determine the effect of n-hexane extract from mistletoe cherry leaves on the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Method. This research is an in vitro experimental research. The samples …
Introduction. Metabolic Syndrome is defined as a collection of 5 non-communicable diseases, namely hypertension, central obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL. Epidemiological data said that the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome reaches 20 – 25%. Metabolic syndrome is one cause of lack of physical activity. Physical inactivity is increasing throughout the world, …
Introduction : Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is an angiographic finding characterized by slowed contrast flow in the coronary vasculature during a coronary angiography procedure. Coronary slow flow phenomenon is often not identified because the pathology mechanism is unknown and the etiology is not comprehensively known, which can cause delays in diagnosis, but based on some literature, …
Latar Belakang: Artritis Reumatoid (AR) merupakan penyakit inflamasi autoimun kronik yang menyebabkan peradangan dan kerusakan pada lapisan sendi sehingga terjadi nyeri kronis, instabilitas, dan deformitas. Tercapainya remisi merupakan tujuan utama pengobatan yang mesti dicapai pada setiap pasien AR. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi rendahnya tingkat remisi adalah kepuasan dalam pengobatan ya…
Background: Obesity is a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat, also the reason for insulin resistance, as lipid buildup in the liver triggers an inflammatory process. Inflammatory mediators in the liver are activated by Kupffer cells to produce cytokines pro inflammation. Prevention and management of obesity can be achieved through dietary modification intermittent …
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are Gram-negative bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family which cause many infections, both hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and community-acquired infections. The prevalence of resistance to these bacteria is increasing, including resistance to carbapenems and broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Resistance to antibiotics complicates ther…
Background: Emesis gravidarum is nausea and vomiting experienced by pregnant women. One of the risk factors for emesis gravidarum is the sex of the child. This study aims to determine the relationship of child sex and emesis gravidarum. Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional design. The data used were primary data in the form of filling out questionnaires …
Background: Hypertensive heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally that tends to increase with age. The high prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure leads to an increase in the occurrence of HHD, so the optimal use of antihypertensive drugs is essential in preventing and controlling HHD. This study aims to determine the drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive in …
Background: Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection is an intestinal nematode worm infection transmitted through soil media. Good hand washing habits have a very important role in controlling STH infections. STH infections can cause growth disorders, anaemia, nutritional deficiencies, cognitive disorder especially in children, weight loss, and decreased quality of human resources. This study…
Background: Heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to fulfill the body's need for blood due to structural or functional abnormalities in the heart. The common symptom is the accumulation of fluid in the body, called congestion. Diuretics are the first-line symptomatic therapy to reduce this symptom. Inappropriate use of diuretics can lead to diuretic resistance. A study of drug …
Background. Striae are linear lesions on the athropic skin that are formed as a result of mechanical stretching on the skin. The prevalence of striae reaches 50–90% with risk factors such as sex, body mass index (BMI), weight changes, family history, long-term history of topical corticosteroids, and diet. This study aimed to find out the characteristics and risk factors of striae and also the…