Background: Cholestasis is a condition characterized by impaired bile formation and/or obstruction of bile flow, commonly occurring within the first three months of life. The age at presentation influences the clinical outcomes of infants with cholestasis. Infants presenting after three months of age have surpassed the ideal period for early detection and evaluation of cholestasis as recommende…
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a major global health problem, including in Indonesia. One of the most common forms of extrapulmonary TB is tuberculous pleurisy, which is characterized by pleural fluid accumulation due to a hypersensitivity reaction triggered by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Diagnosis is established through clinical examinations, radi…
Background: Craniomaxillofacial fractures are among the most common trauma cases found in emergency departments, often leading to functional, aesthetic, and psychological impairments. These conditions can significantly affect the patient’s quality of life even after reconstructive surgery. However, studies examining the relationship between patient characteristics and post-reconstruction qual…
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative diseases of chronic musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the elderly. The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is higher compared to other joint OA. Clinical symptoms experienced by patients with knee OA include pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion (ROM), which lead to decreased physical function, difficulties in …
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that frequently causes nosocomial infections and exhibits strong biofilmforming ability as well as high resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems. The increasing incidence of MDR-P. aeruginosa highlights the need for alternative antimicrobial agents derived from natural sources. Karamunting leaves (Rhod…
Background: Hyperglycemia in type 2 DM, characterized by elevated HbA1c, can cause diabetic dyslipidemia, which increases cardiovascular risk. Various atherogenic indices are used to predict this risk. This study aims to analyze the correlation of HbA1c with atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC), and Castelli risk index (CRI) in type 2 DM patients. Methods: This observ…
Background. ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is the most severe form of acute coronary syndrome caused by total occlusion of the coronary artery, leading to myocardial ischemia and necrosis. Blood pressure in the early phase of STEMI reflects the patient’s hemodynamic condition and plays an important role in determining clinical outcomes. Measuring blood pressure upon hospital admis…
Background: Endometrial carcinoma is an epithelial malignancy that occurs in the endometrium, the innermost layer of the uterine wall. Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma is the most common histopathological type of endometrial carcinoma. This type is associated with estrogen exposure without progesterone (unopposed estrogen) and risk factors such as advanced age, obesity, and nulliparity. Study…
Background: Adiposity indices are anthropometric measures used to assess the amount and distribution of body fat. Changes in fat distribution may influence the morphology of various body parts, including the auricle. The auricle exhibits variations in shape and size that may reflect changes in adipose tissue composition. This study aims to determine the relationship between adiposity indices an…
Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), particularly Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Coronary artery occlusion in STEMI patients disrupts blood flow to the myocardium, triggering clinical symptoms such as angina, dyspnea, arrhythmias, and cardiogenic shock. This study aims to analyze the r…
Background. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a pathological condition caused by the backflow of stomach contents into the larynx and pharynx, causing symptoms in the upper respiratory tract. One of the suspected risk factors is caffeine consumption, as it can decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure and increase gastric acid secretion. Medical students tend to consume caffeinated beverages…
Background: Acute ischemic stroke is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Systemic inflammation plays a key role in its pathogenesis, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is used as an inflammatory indicator. Elevated NLR is suspected to correlate with stroke severity assessed using the NIHSS. Methods: This retrospective observational analytic study used medical records of a…
Mosquitoes are vectors of infectious diseases such as dengue fever, malaria, and filariasis. Their breeding activity is strongly influenced by environmental factors, particularly the physical and chemical characteristics of water in potential breeding containers. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between water’s physical and chemical conditions and the number of mosquito larvae in B…
Kenikir leaves (Cosmos caudatus) contain various bioactive compounds and have a relatively high total protein content compared to other plant leaves. Ammonium sulfate precipitation is one of the common methods applied for protein isolation. However, there are currently no available data comparing the protein content and purity of kenikir leaves proteins precipitated with different concentration…
Background: Impetigo is a superficial skin infection in children mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Although mupirocin is effective, long-term use may cause side effects and resistance. The pineapple core (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) contains bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial effects against S. aureus. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pineapple core extract on the i…
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a persistent middle ear infection characterized by tympanic membrane perforation and ear discharge, which may lead to hearing impairment and serious complications. This study aimed to determine the association between risk factors and comorbidities with the type of CSOM at the ENT-HN Department of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang in 2025.…
Background: Pleural effusion is a common clinical manifestation encountered in internal medicine and pulmonology practice, with various etiologies, both transudative and exudative. In Indonesia, the most frequent causes of pleural effusion are tuberculosis, followed by malignancy and heart failure. Analysis of patient characteristics and pleural fluid is essential to determine the type of effus…
Background. Linezolid is an effective second-line drug for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), but it is often associated with hematological adverse effects. Patient characteristics such as age, residence, body mass index, serum albumin level, HIV status, diabetes mellitus, and treatment duration are suspected to contribute to these events. This study aimed to analyze the rela…
Background. Placenta previa is a condition in which the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, close to or covering the internal cervical os, either partially or completely. Without early identification, placenta previa can cause antepartum hemorrhage, which can lead to maternal death. This study aims to identify the distribution of risk factors and classification of placenta previa in…
Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most common neurological emergencies requiring immediate management. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of precipitating factors of status epilepticus among pediatric patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Method: This research used a retrospective descriptive design with a cross sectional approach. Data were c…
Background. Human Immunodefeciency Virus (HIV) is an RNA virus that targets the immune system, particularly CD4+ cells, rendering individuals more susceptible to opportunistic infections, including Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV/HIV coinfection has become an increasingly complex public health issue, as both viruses share similar transmission routes, especially through the sharing or needles and h…
Background. Dengue infection is a viral disease that presents with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild febrile illness to severe hemorrhage and shock. During the critical phase, plasma leakage may occur characterized by increased hematocrit levels and decreased platelet counts. This study aimed to analyze the association between platelet count and hematocrit levels wit…
Background: Beta-thalassemia major is a hereditary blood disorder characterized by impaired hemoglobin production, requiring lifelong regular blood transfusions. Iron overload, measured by serum ferritin levels, and nutritional problems are major complications that affect patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum ferritin levels and nutritional stat…
Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main causes of increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. Infants with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams have an immature immune system, making them more susceptible to systemic infections such as neonatal sepsis. This study aimed to determine the relationship between LBW and the incidence of neonatal sepsis at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang in 20…
Background: Obesity is a global health problem that continues to rise each year and can lead to various complications, including cardiovascular disease. One manifestation of cardiovascular disease is cardiomegaly, which can be assessed using the cardiothoracic ratio index (CTR) on chest radiographs. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between obesity degree and cardiothoracic r…
Background: Vector-borne diseases such as dengue fever continue to pose significant public health challenges in Palembang. The breeding of mosquito vectors is influenced not only by environmental conditions but also by the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of sanitation workers. This study aimed to describe potential water-holding containers serving as mosquito breeding sites, determine larva…
Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders in children and can significantly affect language, cognitive, and social development. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) plays an important role in assessing the function of the auditory nerve pathway, especially in infants and children who are difficult to evaluate through behavioral tests. This study was descriptive in nature, …
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an active learning method that places students at the center of the learning process. The utilization of AI in PBL can assist students in finding scientific references, formulating learning issues, and supporting self-directed learning. This study aims to determine the use of AI technology in the implementation of PBL among students of the Medical Education Progr…
Menopause leads to a decline in estrogen levels, which can cause various physiological and psychological disturbances. Although hormone therapy may be beneficial, it carries the risk of serious adverse effects, thereby necessitating safer alternative options. Luffa acutangula (gambas), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is known to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and saponin…
Background: Medical students face a heavy academic workload, high performance expectations, and psychological pressure that may affect their mental health. Unmanaged academic stress can lead to future anxiety, particularly regarding career readiness and academic achievement. This study aimed to determine the relationship between academic stress levels and future anxiety among medical students a…