In agriculture, soil plays a crucial role as a growing medium, and its fertility is crucial for agricultural success. Andisol soil is known for its fertility, but agricultural intensification with the continuous use of chemical fertilizers can lead to heavy metal contamination. One such element is cadmium (Cd), which is highly toxic and harmful to human health and can reduce crop productivity i…
Coastal areas, particularly mangrove ecosystems, are highly vulnerable to the accumulation of heavy metals. On the other hand, the world is facing a global energy crisis due to dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels. This study aims to address both challenges simultaneously by utilizing the Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) as an ecosystem based approach capable of generating environmentall…