Free radical molecules with unstable reactive properties due to the presence of unpaired electrons, so that they can form Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) triggering oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a role in various health disorders so a source of antioxidants is needed to suppress it. The rhizome is one of Indonesia's medicinal plants with the potential as a source of antioxidants becaus…
The development of information technology has driven the transformation of pharmaceutical services, one of which is the implementation of a website-based online drug sales system integrated with a management system and General Point of Sales (GPOS). This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a website-based online drug sales system using GPOS on the effectiveness of pharmaceutical servic…
Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) are known to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, which exhibit antioxidant activity and potential as hepatoprotective agents. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of sungkai leaves in male Wistar rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) based on SGOT and SGPT levels, as well as macroscopic and his…
Red onion peels (Allium cepa L.) contain quercetin flavonoid compounds that serve antihyperlipidemic activity. This study aimed to formulate phytosome preparations of shallot peel extract and evaluate their characteristics as well as their antihyperlipidemic activity in vivo. The phytosomes were prepared using variations of extract and phosphatidylcholine ratios by the thin-layer hydration meth…
Red onion peels (Allium cepa L.) contain flavonoid, phenolic, and steroid compounds that serve as potential antioxidants. This study aimed to optimize the concentration of polymers and crosslinking agents in a nanosuspension formulation of red onion peel extract prepared using the ionic gelation method. Optimization was conducted using a 22 Factorial Design in Design-Expert 13® software, evalu…
Iron supplements play an important role in maintaining hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. Iron supplement consumption behavior during pregnancy is reflected in the attitudes and compliance levels of pregnant women. Attitudes reflect mothers' tendencies to evaluate health recommendations, while compliance levels indicate the regularity of iron supplement consumption as recommended by health wo…
Anemia during pregnancy is a health problem that can cause serious complications for both the mother and the baby. Regular consumption of iron (Fe) tablets can prevent anemia; however, its effectiveness depends on the pregnant women’s level of knowledge regarding the proper use of Fe tablets. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the use of Fe tablets, c…
Adherence to analgesic use is an important factor in the success of low back pain (LBP) patient therapy because it affects pain control and quality of life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between analgesic medication adherence and quality of life in LBP patients at Siti Fatimah General Hospital, South Sumatra Province. This is an observational study with a prospective cross-section…
Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) possess various biological activities, including immunostimulatory, antidiabetic, antihyperuricemic, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects. The leaves contain active compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of the extract through toxicity testing and to perform extra…
This study was conducted to evaluate the activity of leunca fruit extract (Solanum nigrum Linn.), which contains flavonoid compounds, on the growth of the probiotic Lactococcus lactis. The combination of leunca fruit extract and L. lactis, each producing secondary metabolites, is expected to enhance the inhibition of Escherichia coli. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the inhibit…
Optimization of the extraction process and testing of the antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis microalgae extract is important for the development of natural microalgae-based antioxidant sources. Optimization was performed using multilevel factorial design 23 with 24 runs in Design Expert® 13 using three factors, namely solvent type (ethanol, acetone), temperature (25°C, 40°C), and ex…
Pelawan leaves (Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff.) are a plant that contain important secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, which have potential roles in regulating lipid metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and effective dose of the ethanolic extract of pelawan leaves in reducing total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and t…
Hyperthyroidism is a chronic endocrine disorder requiring long-term treatment; therefore, medication adherence plays an important role in therapeutic success and quality of life improvement. Lack of education may lead to poor adherence and negatively affect patients’ condition. This study aimed to analyze the effect of educational intervention on medication adherence and quality of life among…
Bangle rhizome (Zingiber montanum) is a medicinal plant with potential as a natural source of antioxidants owing to its phenolic and flavonoid contents. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) of the ethanolic extract of a bangle rhizome, to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the selected fractions, and to identify the major antioxidant…
The ethanol extract of breadfruit bark (Artocarpus altilis) contains active compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, tannins, and saponins, which exhibit antioxidant effects. This study aims to determine the characteristics, phytochemical profile, and the effect of the ethanol extract of breadfruit bark on antioxidant activity in mice subjected to chronic stress, using malondiald…
Breadfruit bark (Artocarpus altilis) is a medicinal plant containing important secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and triterpenoids. These compounds are thought to play a role in protecting the gastric mucosa. This study aims to evaluate the antiulcer activity of ethanol extract of breadfruit bark through biochemical parameters, macroscopic, and microscopic analysis …
Drug control in hospitals is one of the important aspects of a pharmacy installation that can be analyzed from several indicators, including damaged drugs, expired drugs, and dead stock drugs. This study aims to determine the percentage value, compliance with ideal targets, and contributing factors of damaged drugs, expired drugs, and dead stock drugs using descriptive analysis at RSI Siti Khad…
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia worldwide, affecting over 55 million people in 2020. Pathologically, Alzheimer’s is characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and chronic neuroinflammation triggered by microglial activation and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such a…
Burns are complex skin injuries that require immediate treatment to prevent infection and accelerate tissue regeneration. The breadfruit plant (Artocarpus altilis) contains flavonoid compounds, such as quercetin, which possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities to support wound healing. However, the utilization of natural extracts is often hindered by low solubility and poor stability…
Free radicals are reactive molecules that can induce oxidative stress and contribute to the development of various degenerative diseases. The use of natural antioxidants derived from plants is considered a safer alternative to synthetic antioxidants. The rhizome of fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.) is known to contain secondary metabolites with potential antioxidant activity; howeve…
Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) is known to contain various bioactive compounds with potential antidiabetic properties. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and antidiabetic activity of the ethanolic extract of winged bean leaves, as well as to evaluate pancreatic histopathological changes in hyperglycemic male Wistar rats. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by …
A study has been conducted to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of the ethanolic extract of winged bean leaves (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) in male Wistar rats induced by a high-fat and fructose diet. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: normal group, positive control (simvastatin 0.9 mg/Kg BW), negative control (0.5% NaCMC), and three treatment groups receiving ethano…
Chayote leaves (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) contain secondary metabolites like flavonoids, tannins, and saponins acting as antidiabetic agents through beta-cell protection. This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic activity of the ethanolic extract of chayote leaves (EECL) and evaluate its effect on pancreatic histopathology in hyperglycemic male Wistar rats. Hyperglycemia was successful…
This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of the ethanolic extract of chayote leaves (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) in male Wistar rats induced with a high-fat and fructose diet. The induction was performed to establish a hyperlipidemic condition characterized by increased total cholesterol and LDL levels, along with decreased HDL levels. This study also assessed the effect o…
Excessive exposure to free radicals can trigger oxidative stress, which plays a role in damaging various cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and genetic material, thereby increasing the risk of degenerative diseases. One approach to inhibiting this process is the utilization of antioxidant compounds derived from natural sources. Dayak onion bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) …
Oxidative stress caused by free radicals can cause significant disorders and contribute to the emergence of various chronic disease. The negative impact of these free radicals can be minimized by the use of antioxidants, such as the elephant lempuyang rhizome, which is often used as a medicinal plant and is believed to have antioxidant properties. This study aims to determine the antioxidant ca…
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a chronic condition that requires long-term therapy, in which treatment adherence plays a crucial role in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Low adherence among CHD patients is often associated with low self-efficacy, which may be influenced by inadequate health education. This study aimed to analyze the effect of leaflet-based education on therapy adherence…
The rhizome of Acorus calamus L. (Dlingo) is a plant known to contain various secondary metabolites with potential natural antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of A. calamus L. rhizome, determine the fraction exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity based on IC₅₀ values obtained from the DPPH assay, and identify compounds …
Pharmaceutical management plays an important role in maintaining service quality, which has a direct impact on patient satisfaction, particularly among BPJS participants who routinely utilize hospital services. Based on pharmaceutical management principles that emphasize the effectiveness of medication provision and service delivery, this study aims to examine how the quality of outpatient phar…
The stem bark of breadfruit is known to contain bioactive compounds in the from flavonoids, which have antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities. These compounds have the potential to help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in kidneys that experience demage due to exposure to nephrotoxic agents. This study aims to evaluate the activity of the ethanol extract of breadfruit stem bark (EE…